do 1 S1 W1 / du / auxiliary 动词 ( past tense did / dɪd / , past participle done / dʌn / , third person singular does / dəz ; strong dʌz / ) #
1
a) used with another 动词 to form questions or negatives :
Do you like bananas?
I don’t feel like going out tonight.
Ian didn’t answer.
Where do you live?
Doesn’t Rosie look wonderful?
Don’t listen to her!
b) spoken used to form question tag s (= short questions that you add to the end of statements ) :
You know Tony, don’t you?
She didn’t understand, did she?
2 used instead of repeating a 动词 that has already been used :
‘Will Kay come?’ ‘She may do.’
So now you know as much as I do.
‘You forgot all about it.’ ‘No, I didn’t.’
‘I want to go home.’ ‘So do I.’
I didn’t believe the story and neither did he.
3 used to emphasize the main 动词 in a sentence :
Do be careful.
You do look nice in that hat.
I do think she’s behaved badly.
‘You should have warned me.’ ‘But I did warn you.’
He owns, or did own (= emphasizing past tense ) , a yacht.
4 spoken used when politely offering someone something :
Do have another sandwich.
do 2 S1 W1 verb ( past tense did , past participle done , third person singular does ) #
1 action/activity [及物动词] to perform an action or activity :
Have you done your homework yet?
You need to do more exercise.
It’s a pleasure doing business with you.
I didn’t know what to do.
All he does is sit in front of the television all day.
do something/nothing/anything etc
We should do something to help him.
It all happened so quickly that I couldn’t do anything about it.
bored teenagers with nothing to do
do the laundry/ironing/dishes etc
It’s your turn to do the dishes.
Register
In written English, people often use the verb act rather than the phrase do something , as it sounds more formal:
The government needs to act to help these people.
2 succeed [不及物动词] used to ask or talk about how successful someone is at something
do well/badly
Students are under considerable pressure to do well.
how somebody/something is doing (with/in something)
You should get promoted after about a year, depending on how you’re doing.
How’s he doing in trying to give up smoking?
3 have an effect [及物动词] to have a particular effect on something or someone :
The scandal will do serious damage to his reputation.
This will do nothing for (= will not improve ) Jamie’s confidence.
The colour does nothing for her (= does not improve her appearance ) .
Getting the job has done a lot for (= had a good effect on ) her self-esteem.
A week in the countryside will do you good (= make you feel better ) .
Exercise can do wonders for (= have a very good effect on ) body, mind, and spirit.
4 job [及物动词] to have a particular job :
What do you want to do after you leave school?
What do you do for a living (= as your job ) ?
She’s very good at what she does.
5 enough/acceptable [不及物，及物动词不用于进行时] used to say that something will be enough or be acceptable :
We don’t have a lot of wine for the party, but it should just about do.
I can’t find my black shoes so these will have to do .
A few sandwiches will do me for lunch.
It won’t do (= it is not acceptable ) to say that the situation couldn’t have been avoided.
6 what somebody will do for something used to talk about what arrangements someone has made to get something they need :
What will you do for money if you leave your job?
I’m not sure what we’ll do for transport yet.
7 what is somebody/something doing? spoken used to ask why someone or something is in a particular place or doing a particular thing, especially when you are surprised or annoyed by this :
What’s my coat doing on the floor?
What are you doing walking around at this time of night?
What on earth do you think you’re doing ?
8 do your/sb’s hair/nails/make-up etc to do something that improves your appearance or someone else’s appearance :
It must take her ages to do her make-up in the mornings.
Who does your hair?
9 spend time [及物动词] informal to spend a period of time doing something :
She did a year backpacking around the world.
Oh yes, I certainly did my time in the army (= spent time in the army ) .
10 study [及物动词，不用于被动态] British English to study a particular subject in a school or university :
I did French for five years.
11 cook [及物动词] to cook a particular type of food :
I was thinking of doing a casserole tonight.
12 do 10 miles/20 kms etc to achieve a particular distance, speed etc :
We did 300 kilometres on the first day.
The car can do 120 mph.
13 provide a service [及物动词] to provide a particular service or sell a particular product :
They do interior and exterior design.
We don’t do food after two o’clock.
14 perform a play [及物动词] to perform a particular play, show etc :
We did ‘Guys and Dolls’ last year.
15 decorate [及物动词] to paint or decorate a room, house etc :
How are you going to do your living room?
16 behave [不及物动词] to behave in a particular way :
In the evenings students are free to do as they please (= do what they want ) .
I wish you’d do as you’re told (= do what you are told to do ) !
17 somebody doesn’t do nice/funny/sensible etc spoken informal used humorously to say that someone cannot or does not behave in a particular way :
Sensible? I don’t do sensible.
18 copy behaviour [及物动词] to copy someone’s behaviour or the way they talk, especially in order to entertain people :
He does a brilliant George Bush (= copies him in a very funny way ) .
19 do lunch/do a movie etc informal to have lunch, go to see a film etc with someone :
Let’s do lunch next week.
20 drugs [及物动词] informal to use an illegal drug :
He says he’s never done hard drugs in his life.
21 visit [及物动词] to visit a particular place, especially as a tourist :
Let’s do the Eiffel Tower today.
22 that’ll do! spoken used to tell a child to stop behaving badly
23 that does it! spoken used to say angrily that you will not accept a situation any more :
Right, that does it! I’m not going to listen to any more of this!
24 that should do it ( also that ought to do it ) spoken used to say that you will have finished doing something if you just do one more thing :
I’ve just got to prepare the dessert and that should do it.
25 do it informal to have sex – used humorously or when you want to avoid saying the word ‘sex’
26 somebody would do well to do something used to advise someone that they should do something :
Most people would do well to reduce the amount of salt in their diet.
27 punish [及物动词] British English spoken to punish or attack someone → be/get done at done 2 ( 8 )
28 deceive [及物动词] British English informal to deceive or trick someone → be done at done 2 ( 7 )
29 what’s doing …? spoken used to ask what is happening :
What’s doing at your place tonight?
30 do or die used to say that someone is determined to do something very brave or dangerous even if they die attempting it
31 how (are) you doing? spoken used when you meet someone to ask them if they are well, happy etc :
Hi Bob, how you doing?
32 what can I do you for? spoken used humorously to ask someone how you can help them, especially when you are trying to sell them something
33 do well by somebody to treat someone well :
His relations always did pretty well by him.
34 do one spoken informal used to tell someone who is making you feel upset or angry to go away :
Oh, just go and do one!
→ doing , done 2 , → do your bit at bit 2 ( 8 ) , → how do you do at how ( 11 ) , → nothing doing at nothing 1 ( 14 ) , → do somebody proud at proud ( 5 ) , → do something to death at death ( 4 ) , → can-do
COLLOCATIONS
do + NOUN do a job/task On Saturdays I usually do a few jobs around the house. do some/any/ no etc work She was feeling too tired to do any work. do the shopping/cleaning/ironing/cooking etc Who does the cooking in your family? do the housework (= jobs in your home such as cleaning, washing clothes etc ) I’ve been doing the housework all day. do the dishes ( also do the washing-up British English ) (= wash the plates after a meal ) Will anyone help me do the washing-up? do the laundry ( also do the washing British English ) (= wash dirty clothes ) Ellie was doing the washing. do your homework My parents don’t let me go out unless I’ve done my homework. do a calculation/sum (= use numbers to find out a figure, price etc ) I did a quick calculation on a piece of paper. do business (= buy and sell goods, or provide services ) The company does a lot of business in China. do something/nothing/anything He lay on the sofa and did nothing all day.
COLLOCATIONS
do + NOUN do some/any/no good (= improve a situation ) It might do some good if you talk to him about the problem. | The fresh air has done me good. do somebody good (= make someone feel better ) not do (somebody) any harm also do (somebody) no harm (= not have a bad effect on something or someone ) One or two chocolate cookies won’t do you any harm. do damage (to something/somebody) A mistake like that can do a lot of damage to your career.
phrases do a lot for something (= have a good effect on something ) The new leisure centre has done a lot for the town’s image. do nothing for something (= not have a good effect on something ) Being apart for so long did nothing for our relationship. do nothing for somebody (= used to say that particular clothes, colours etc do not suit someone ) I liked the dress but it did nothing for me. do wonders for something (= have a very good effect on something ) A new haircut can do wonders for your self-confidence. do more harm than good (= used to say that something had a bad effect rather than a good one ) I followed his advice but it did more harm than good.
THESAURUS
do to do something – used in the following phrases : do your work/homework etc : It usually takes me a couple of hours to do my homework. | do the shopping/cooking/washing etc : She’s gone to the supermarket to do the shopping. | do a test/experiment/some research : The doctor did some tests. | Fraser spent some time in Egypt doing some archaeological research. | Scientists are doing research on two types of vaccine. | do a course : Have you decided which course you want to do at university? make to do something – used in the following phrases : make a speech : The Prince made a short speech. | make a comment/suggestion/joke : Can I make a suggestion? | make a decision : The committee will meet to make their final decision. | make a mistake : I think someone has made a mistake. give to do something – used in the following phrases : give a talk/speech/lecture : They’ve asked him to give a talk. | give a performance : The band gave a brilliant performance. take to do something – used in the following phrases : take a test/exam : Kate’s taking her driving test tomorrow. | take a bath/shower : I think I’ll go and take a shower. | take a walk : Normally, he took a walk in the evenings. commit to do something that is a crime, especially a serious crime : commit a crime : The crime was committed in the early hours of the morning. | commit a robbery/murder etc : Dixon later admitted committing the robbery. carry out something to do something – used in the following phrases : carry out your work : The violence is making it difficult for firefighters to carry out their work. | carry out a task/duty : He still managed to carry out his duties. | carry out a survey/test/some research : The hospital carries out research into skin diseases. | carry out an operation : The operation was carried out at a hospital in Paris. | carry out a threat/promise : They didn’t carry out their threat to kill the hostages. | carry out sb’s orders/instructions/wishes : I’m sure I can rely on you to carry out my instructions. perform to do something. Perform is more formal than carry out , and is used in the following phrases : perform a task/duty : The job mostly involves performing administrative tasks. | perform an operation : A team of surgeons performed the operation. conduct to do something – used in the following phrases : conduct a survey/study/experiment : They conducted a survey of approximately 2,000 people living in the area. | conduct an inquiry/investigation : The police are conducting an investigation into the cause of the fire. | conduct an interview : Knowing how to conduct a successful interview is a skill. | conduct a campaign : People were unimpressed by the way in which the election campaign was conducted. go about something to do your work or the things that you usually do, especially when something serious has happened : go about your work/business : The next day she went about her business as if nothing had happened. get on with something spoken especially British English to start doing something that you should have started already or to continue doing something that you stopped doing for a short time : I need to get on with my homework. be up to something spoken to be doing something that you think is probably bad, although you do not know exactly what it is : I’m sure they’re up to something. | What’s Jake up to? He’s been upstairs in his room all day.
do away with somebody/something phrasal verb
1 to get rid of something or stop using it :
People thought that the use of robots would do away with boring low-paid factory jobs.
2 informal to kill someone
do somebody ↔ down phrasal verb
to criticize someone, especially in an unfair way :
I know you don’t like him, but there’s no need to keep doing him down in front of the boss.
do for somebody/something phrasal verb
British English informal to kill someone or harm something or someone very badly :
Working 100 hours a week nearly did for me. → be done for at done 2 ( 3 )
do somebody in phrasal verb informal
1 to kill someone :
He was planning to do himself in.
2 to make someone feel extremely tired :
That walk really did me in. → done in at done 2 ( 4 )
do something ↔ out phrasal verb British English
1 to make a room look nice by decorating it :
The room was beautifully done out in pastel colours.
2 informal to clean a room or cupboard thoroughly
do somebody out of something phrasal verb informal
to dishonestly stop someone from getting or keeping something, especially something they have a right to have :
Are you trying to do me out of a job?
do somebody/something over phrasal verb
1 do something ↔ over especially American English to make a place look attractive by decorating it :
The whole apartment had been done over in an Art Deco style.
2 American English to do something again, especially because you did it wrong the first time :
If you make too many mistakes, you’ll have to do it over.
3 do something ↔ over British English spoken informal to steal things from a building
4 British English spoken informal to attack and injure someone
do up phrasal verb
1 to fasten something, or to be fastened in a particular way
do something ↔ up
Do up your coat or you’ll get cold.
a skirt which does up at the back
2 do something ↔ up to repair an old building or car, or to improve its appearance :
They did up an old cottage in the Scottish Highlands.
3 do something ↔ up to decorate something in a particular way :
The apartment was done up in Viennese style.
4 do something ↔ up to wrap something in paper
5 do yourself up to make yourself look neat and attractive :
Sue spent ages doing herself up.
do with something phrasal verb
1 could do with something spoken to need or want something :
I could have done with some help this morning.
2 have/be to do with somebody/something to be about something, be related to something, or be involved with something :
Their conversation had been largely to do with work.
I’m sorry about the accident, but it’s nothing to do with me (= I am not involved in any way ) .
This question doesn’t have anything to do with the main topic of the survey.
I’m sure her problems have something to do with what happened when she was a child.
3 what to do with yourself how to spend your time :
She didn’t know what to do with herself after she retired.
4 what somebody should do with something/what to do with something etc used to ask or talk about how someone should deal with something :
What shall I do with these papers?
I wouldn’t know what to do with a newborn baby.
5 what has somebody done with something? spoken used to ask where someone has put something :
What have you done with the remote for the TV?
6 what is somebody doing with something? used to ask why someone has something :
What are you doing with my diary?
7 I can’t be doing with something British English spoken used to say that you are annoyed by something and do not want to have to think about it :
I can’t be doing with all this right now.
do without phrasal verb
1 do without (something) to live or do something without a particular thing :
I don’t have any sugar so you’ll have to do without.
You can do without a carpet but you’ve got to have somewhere to sit.
2 can do without something used to say that something is annoying you or causing you problems :
You can do without all that hassle.
Those are the type of stupid remarks I can do without.
do 3 noun ( plural dos or do’s ) [可数名词] #
1 informal a party or other social event :
We’re having a do to celebrate his 30th birthday.
2 dos and don’ts ( also do’s and don’ts ) things that you should and should not do in a particular situation :
The booklet lists the dos and don’ts of caring for dogs.
3 American English informal a hairdo
THESAURUS
party a social event when a lot of people meet together to enjoy themselves by eating, drinking, dancing etc : We’re having a party for Sarah’s 40th birthday. | I met my boyfriend at a party. get-together an informal party : Christmas is the perfect time for a family get-together. ball a large formal party where people dance : the end of term ball rave a large party which is held outside or in an empty building, where people dance to music and take illegal drugs reception a large formal party, especially one after a wedding or to welcome an important person : The wedding reception is at a nearby hotel. | a reception for the Thai Foreign Minister | They attended a White House reception to mark the Queen’s visit. function a large formal or official party : He has been asked to play at many corporate functions (= an official party held by a company ) . celebration a party or special event that is organized in order to celebrate something : the country’s 50th anniversary celebrations | It was a 21st birthday celebration which Mary would never forget. bash informal a party, especially a big one that a lot of famous people go to – used especially in journalism : the star’s birthday bash | a picture of him at a Hollywood bash | a showbiz bash do British English informal a party : We’re having a do to celebrate Margaret’s birthday. dinner party a party where people are invited to someone’s house for an evening meal : I met him at a dinner party. house-warming (party) a party that you have when you move into a new house : We’re having a house-warming next week. cocktail party ( also drinks party British English ) a party that people go to in order to talk and have a drink together for a few hours fancy-dress party British English , costume party American English a party where people dress in special clothes, for example to look like a famous person or a character in a story hen party especially British English a social event just before a wedding, for a woman who is getting married and her female friends stag night British English , bachelor party American English a social event just before a wedding, for a man who is getting married and his male friends baby/wedding shower American English an event at which people give presents to a woman who is going to have a baby or get married
do 4 / dəʊ $ doʊ / noun [单数形式，不可数] #
another spelling of doh