e‧con‧o‧my 1 S2 W1 AC / ɪkɒnəmi $ ɪkɑ- / 名词 ( 复数形式 economies )
1 [可数名词] the system by which a country’s money and goods are produced and used, or a country considered in this way :
a successful economy
the slowdown in the Japanese economy
2 [可数名词] something that you do in order to spend less money :
The council must make economies to meet government spending targets.
Not insuring your belongings is a false economy (= it is cheaper but could have bad results ) .
3 [不可数名词] the careful use of money, time, goods etc so that nothing is wasted :
The gas fire was turned low for reasons of economy.
The company an 名词 ced that it would cut 500 jobs as part of an economy drive (= a way to save money ) .
4 economies of scale technical the financial advantages of producing something in very large quantities
→ black economy , market economy , mixed economy
COLLOCATIONS
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + economy
strong/healthy/sound The new government inherited a strong economy.
weak/ailing/depressed The economy is weak and consumer confidence is low.
fragile (= weak and likely to become worse ) The country’s fragile economy depends almost exclusively on tourism.
stable (= steady, rather than being strong then weak ) The economy has been relatively stable for the last two or three years.
stagnant (= bad and not progressing or improving ) Measures aimed at reviving the stagnant economy are not working.
a flagging economy (= starting to become weaker ) The government must take action to boost the flagging economy.
a booming economy (= extremely strong and successful ) What can we learn from China’s booming economy?
the world/global economy Rising oil prices threaten the world economy.
the local/national/domestic economy (= in one particular country or area ) The new factory has given a massive boost to the local economy.
the British/American/Japanese etc economy The Japanese economy is showing signs of recovery.
a large/powerful economy the world’s two most powerful economies
a small economy Small economies like Kenya might struggle to survive in a global recession.
a developing economy (= one that is getting stronger and starting to include more modern industries ) Many developing economies are investing in sources of renewable energy.
an industrial economy (= one that is based mainly on industries producing goods or materials ) Expectations for growth in the main industrial economies remain low.
an agricultural/a rural economy (= one that is based mainly on farming ) The early 1920s saw a rapid expansion in the American agricultural economy.
a service economy (= one that is based mainly on selling services such as insurance or tourism ) Britain has shifted from a manufacturing to a service economy.
a market/free-market economy (= based on companies producing and selling products freely, without restrictions ) Eastern European countries were gradually making the transition to a market economy.
a capitalist/socialist economy (= based on a capitalist or socialist political system ) the large capitalist economies of western Europe
the black economy especially British English (= business activity in which people buy and sell goods illegally, without paying tax ) Illegal immigrants have to seek work in the black economy.
动词
manage/handle the economy Governments are judged on how well they manage the economy.
develop/expand the economy The tax cut should help to expand the economy.
boost the economy (= make it stronger ) It is hoped that the Olympic Games will boost the country’s economy.
harm/damage the economy (= make it less successful ) Sanctions have damaged the economy.
destroy the economy The floods last year destroyed the region’s economy.
the economy develops/expands/grows (= becomes more successful ) The economy grew by 3% last year.
the economy booms (= becomes very successful very quickly ) The economy is booming and share prices are at an all-time high.
the economy slows down The US economy is slowing down after a long period of growth.
the economy recovers (= returns to normal condition after a period of trouble or difficulty ) The economy is beginning to recover from the recession.