file S1 W2 AC / faɪl / 名词 [可数名词] #

1 a set of papers, records etc that contain information about a particular person or subject

file on

Mendoza read over the file on the murders.

The FBI keeps files on former White House employees.

We will keep your details on file (= store them for later use ) .

police/case/medical etc file

a copy of the court file

2 a box or piece of folded card in which you store loose papers :

She pulled a blue file from the shelf.

3 information on a computer that you store under a particular name :

a list of all the files and folders on your hard disk

4 a metal tool with a rough surface that you rub on something to make it smooth → nail file

5 a line of people who are standing or walking one behind the other

file of

a file of soldiers marching in step

in file

It was dark as we set off in file.

→ single file , rank and file

COLLOCATIONS

动词

open a file Click on the icon to open the file.

close a file You may need to close the file and restart the computer.

save a file Save the file under a different filename.

create a file I created a file of useful contacts.

delete a file (= remove it ) I accidentally deleted the wrong file.

access a file (= open or read it ) You won’t be able to access the file if another user has opened it.

edit a file (= make changes to it ) I edited the file and saved it to the hard disk.

copy a file To copy a file, save it using a new filename.

move a file He was trying to move the file from one folder to another.

transfer a file (= move it from one computer system to another ) You can transfer files and share your stuff with friends.

download a file (= move a copy of it from the Internet or another computer to your computer ) It just takes a few seconds to download the file.

upload a file (= move a copy of it from your computer to the Internet or another computer ) Restart the web browser, and then upload the file.

load a file (= put a file onto a computer ) Double-click on the icon and it will load the zip file onto your computer.

send somebody a file (= send it using email ) Do you want me to send you the file?

attach a file (= send it with an email ) Sorry, I forgot to attach the file.

compress a file (= make it smaller so that it uses less space on a computer ) The program allows you to compress files.

NOUN + file

a computer file Delete some of the old computer files and create some space on the hard drive.

a backup file (= a copy of a file, which is made in case the original becomes lost or damaged ) You can burn your backup file to CD or DVD.

a text file The text file contains hints on how to get the best out of the program.

a data file The bigger the data file, the more time is needed to search it.

a graphics file This handy utility allows you to change graphics files from one format to another.

THESAURUS

record information about something that is written down : your medical records | the public records office | I have to keep a record of all my spending when I’m travelling on business.

file a set of written records, or information stored on a computer under a particular name : He began reading the file on the case. | I think I may have accidentally deleted the file.

accounts ( also books informal ) an exact record of the money that a company has received and spent : Companies are required by law to publish their annual accounts. | Someone had been falsifying the accounts. | The company’s books all seemed to be in order.

ledger one of the official books in which a company’s financial records are kept, which show how much it has received and spent : The costs have been moved from one column of the ledger to another.

minutes an official written record of what is said and decided at a meeting : Both points are mentioned in the minutes of the last meeting on August 3rd.

diary a book in which you regularly write down the things that have happened to you : In his diary he wrote, ‘It s lovely having him here, we’ve had so many cosy talks.’ | I’ll just check in my diary to see if I’m free.

blog a web page on the Internet on which someone regularly writes about their life, opinions, or a particular subject : I may not always agree with David, but I always read his blog.

register an official list of names of people, organizations etc : Guests must sign the hotel register. | the national register of births, deaths, and marriages | Lloyds Register of Shipping

roll an official list of names, especially of people who are allowed to do something such as vote or be in a class at school : the electoral roll (= list of people who can vote in an area ) | The teacher called the roll (= read out the list of the names of the students, who then have to say if they are present ) .

log an official record that is kept on a ship or plane : Mr Appleby said he complained to a senior officer, who made a note in the ship’s log.

file S3 W3 AC verb #

1 [及物动词] to keep papers, documents etc in a particular place so that you can find them easily :
The contracts are filed alphabetically . file something under something I looked to see if anything was filed under my name. file something away The handbooks are filed away for future reference. 2 [及物动词] to give or send an official report or news story to your employer :
The officer left the scene without filing a report. 3 [ intransitive always + adverb/preposition, transitive ] law to give a document to a court or other organization so that it can be officially recorded and dealt with file a complaint/lawsuit/petition etc (against somebody) Mr Genoa filed a formal complaint against the department. file for The Morrisons have filed for divorce . Today is the deadline for Americans to file their tax returns . 4 [ intransitive always + adverb/preposition ] if people file somewhere, they walk there in a line :
We began to file out into the car park. The mourners filed past the coffin. 5 [ intransitive always + adverb/preposition, transitive ] to use a metal or wooden tool to rub something in order to make it smooth :
File down the sharp edges. She sat filing her nails.

THESAURUS

keep to leave something in one particular place so that you can find it easily : Where do you keep the scissors? | The keys are kept in my office. store to put things away and keep them until you need them : Villagers have begun storing wood for the winter. save to keep something so that you can use or enjoy it in the future : He had been saving the bottle of champagne for a special occasion. | We can save the rest of the pie for later. file to store papers or information in a particular order or a particular place : All the contracts are filed alphabetically. collect to get and keep objects of the same type because you think they are attractive or interesting : Kate collects old postcards. hold to keep something to be used when it is needed, especially something that many different people may need to use : Medical records are now usually held on computers. reserve formal to keep part of something for use at a later time during a process such as cooking : Reserve some of the chocolate so that you can use it for decorating the cake. hoard to keep large amounts of food, money etc because you think you may not be able to get them in the future – used when you do not approve of people doing this because it is not necessary or not fair to other people : People have been hoarding food and fuel in case there is another attack. | Rationing of basic food products was introduced to prevent hoarding.