per‧form S3 W2 / pəfɔm $ pərfɔrm / 动词

1 [不及物和及物动词] to do something to entertain people, for example by acting a play or playing a piece of music :

Chenier and the band are performing at the Silver Palace tomorrow.

The children perform two plays each school year. ► Do not use perform to say what person an actor pretends to be in a play, film etc. Use play : John Wayne played (NOT performed) a Roman soldier in the film.

2 [及物动词] to do something, especially something difficult or useful 同义词 carry out :

Surgeons performed an emergency operation.

The official opening ceremony was performed by Princess Margaret.

perform a study/experiment/analysis etc

An analysis of the survey data was performed.

perform a task/job/duty

She was fired for not performing the duties outlined in her contract.

perform a function/role

software that performs a specific function

The leadership cannot be expected to perform miracles (= improve a situation in a way that seems impossible ) .

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In everyday English, people usually say that someone carries out an operation, a study etc rather than use perform :

The operation was carried out by a team of surgeons.

3 perform well/badly etc

a) to work or do something well, badly etc → underperform :

Many religious schools perform well academically.

The team performed poorly on Saturday.

b) if a product, business etc performs well or badly, it makes a lot of money or very little money :

The economy is performing well.

COLLOCATIONS

名词

perform a task/job/duty etc What skills do you need to perform this task?

perform work Over 6,000 people in our community of 100,000 perform volunteer work.

perform an experiment/study etc Part of the Chemistry exam involves performing an experiment.

perform an operation The surgeon who performed the operation said it had gone well.

perform a ceremony At 3 o’clock, the opening ceremony was performed by the Queen.

perform a service Our troops are performing a remarkable service and a terribly important mission.

perform a function/role The two organizations perform similar functions.

perform an action The children sing and perform the actions to nursery songs.

perform miracles (= do things that seem impossible ) I’m prepared to work hard to get the job done but I can’t perform miracles.

THESAURUS

do to do something – used in the following 短语 : do your work/homework etc : It usually takes me a couple of hours to do my homework. | do the shopping/cooking/washing etc : She’s gone to the supermarket to do the shopping. | do a test/experiment/some research : The doctor did some tests. | Fraser spent some time in Egypt doing some archaeological research. | Scientists are doing research on two types of vaccine. | do a course : Have you decided which course you want to do at university?

make to do something – used in the following 短语 : make a speech : The Prince made a short speech. | make a comment/suggestion/joke : Can I make a suggestion? | make a decision : The committee will meet to make their final decision. | make a mistake : I think someone has made a mistake.

give to do something – used in the following 短语 : give a talk/speech/lecture : They’ve asked him to give a talk. | give a performance : The band gave a brilliant performance.

take to do something – used in the following 短语 : take a test/exam : Kate’s taking her driving test tomorrow. | take a bath/shower : I think I’ll go and take a shower. | take a walk : Normally, he took a walk in the evenings.

commit to do something that is a crime, especially a serious crime : commit a crime : The crime was committed in the early hours of the morning. | commit a robbery/murder etc : Dixon later admitted committing the robbery.

carry out something to do something – used in the following 短语 : carry out your work : The violence is making it difficult for firefighters to carry out their work. | carry out a task/duty : He still managed to carry out his duties. | carry out a survey/test/some research : The hospital carries out research into skin diseases. | carry out an operation : The operation was carried out at a hospital in Paris. | carry out a threat/promise : They didn’t carry out their threat to kill the hostages. | carry out sb’s orders/instructions/wishes : I’m sure I can rely on you to carry out my instructions.

perform to do something. Perform is more formal than carry out , and is used in the following 短语 : perform a task/duty : The job mostly involves performing administrative tasks. | perform an operation : A team of surgeons performed the operation.

conduct to do something – used in the following 短语 : conduct a survey/study/experiment : They conducted a survey of approximately 2,000 people living in the area. | conduct an inquiry/investigation : The police are conducting an investigation into the cause of the fire. | conduct an interview : Knowing how to conduct a successful interview is a skill. | conduct a campaign : People were unimpressed by the way in which the election campaign was conducted.

go about something to do your work or the things that you usually do, especially when something serious has happened : go about your work/business : The next day she went about her business as if nothing had happened.

get on with something spoken especially British English to start doing something that you should have started already or to continue doing something that you stopped doing for a short time : I need to get on with my homework.

be up to something spoken to be doing something that you think is probably bad, although you do not know exactly what it is : I’m sure they’re up to something. | What’s Jake up to? He’s been upstairs in his room all day.