shoul‧der 1 S2 W2 / ʃəʊldə $ ʃoʊldər / 名词

1 body part [可数名词] one of the two parts of the body at each side of the neck where the arm is connected :

She tapped the driver on the shoulder.

He put his arm around her shoulders.

His shoulders were broad and powerful.

2 clothes [可数名词] the part of a piece of clothing that covers your shoulders :

a jacket with padded shoulders

3 meat [可数和不可数名词] the upper part of the front leg of an animal that is used for meat

shoulder of

a shoulder of pork

4 be looking over your shoulder to feel worried that something unpleasant is going to happen to you

5

a) a shoulder to cry on someone who gives you sympathy :

Ben is always there when I need a shoulder to cry on.

b) cry on sb’s shoulder to get sympathy from someone when you tell them your problems

6 shoulder to shoulder

a) having the same aims and wanting to achieve the same thing 同义词 side by side

shoulder to shoulder with

We are working shoulder to shoulder with local residents.

b) physically close together 同义词 side by side :

Blacks and whites stood shoulder to shoulder in the stands to applaud.

7 on sb’s shoulders if blame or a difficult job falls on someone’s shoulders, they have to take responsibility for it :

The blame rests squarely on Jim’s shoulders.

8 put your shoulder to the wheel to start to work with great effort and determination

9 road-side [可数名词] American English an area of ground beside a road, where drivers can stop their cars if they are having trouble → hard shoulder , soft shoulder

10 curved shape [可数名词] a rounded part just below the top of something

→ give somebody the cold shoulder at cold 1 ( 7 ) , → have a chip on your shoulder at chip 1 ( 5 ) , → be/stand head and shoulders above the rest at head 1 ( 29 ) , → rub shoulders with at rub 1 ( 5 ) , → straight from the shoulder at straight 1 ( 10 )

COLLOCATIONS

动词

shrug your shoulders (= raise them to show that you do not know or care about something ) Susan just shrugged her shoulders and said nothing.

hunch your shoulders (= raise your shoulders and bend them forwards slightly ) He hunched his shoulders against the rain.

look/glance over your shoulder (= look behind you ) He glanced over his shoulder and grinned at me.

sb’s shoulders shake (= because they are crying or laughing ) His shoulders were shaking and tears of laughter were running down his face.

sb’s shoulders slump/droop/sag (= move downwards because they are sad or tired ) ‘You ’re right,’ he sighed, his shoulders drooping.

sb’s shoulders heave (= move up and down because they are crying or breathing deeply ) She turned her back again, her shoulders heaving, her eyes blind with tears.

straighten/square your shoulders (= stand with your shoulders straight, in a determined way ) She squared her shoulders and knocked on the door.

形容词

broad/wide He was of medium height, with broad shoulders.

strong/powerful He had powerful shoulders and a thick neck.

massive/huge Dean shrugged his massive shoulders.

narrow/slim Her dark hair spilled over her narrow shoulders.

thin/bony shoulders She put her arm around the girl’s thin shoulders.